本人安装配置ELK走了不少弯路,初学者按以下步骤安装及可使用; 建议安装配置之前先对阅读相关架构原理。
logstash,elasticsearch,kibana 怎么进行nginx的日志分析呢?首先,架构方面,nginx是有日志文件的,它的每个请求的状态等都有日志文件进行记录。其次,需要有个队 列,redis的list结构正好可以作为队列使用。然后分析使用elasticsearch就可以进行分析和查询了。
我们需要的是一个分布式的,日志收集和分析系统。logstash有agent和indexer两个角色。对于agent角色,放在单独的web机 器上面,然后这个agent不断地读取nginx的日志文件,每当它读到新的日志信息以后,就将日志传送到网络上的一台redis队列上。对于队列上的这 些未处理的日志,有不同的几台logstash indexer进行接收和分析。分析之后存储到elasticsearch进行搜索分析。再由统一的kibana进行日志web界面的展示。
相关环境:Centos_x64_6.6 redis2.8.23 Elasticsearch 2.0.0, Logstash 2.0.0, Kibana4.2.0
软件下载地址:
redis: http://redis.io/downloadElasticsearch: wget https://download.elasticsearch.org/elasticsearch/release/org/elasticsearch/distribution/rpm/elasticsearch/2.0.0/elasticsearch-2.0.0.rpmLogstash: wget https://download.elastic.co/logstash/logstash/packages/centos/logstash-2.0.0-1.noarch.rpmKibana: wget https://download.elastic.co/kibana/kibana/kibana-4.2.0-linux-x64.tar.gzKibana: wget https://download.elastic.co/kibana/kibana/kibana-4.2.0-linux-x64.tar.gzjdk: wget --no-cookies --no-check-certificate --header "Cookie: gpw_e24=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oracle.com%2F; oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" "http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u65-b17/jdk-8u65-linux-x64.rpmyum localinstall jdk-8u65-linux-x64.rpm
Install Java 8
[root@localhost src]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u65-linux-x64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:jdk1.8.0_65 ########################################### [100%]Unpacking JAR files... tools.jar... plugin.jar... javaws.jar... deploy.jar... rt.jar... jsse.jar... charsets.jar... localedata.jar... jfxrt.jar...[root@localhost src]# ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/bin/java /usr/bin/java
Install redis
先安装依赖tcl[root@localhost src]# yum install tcl安装redis[root@localhost src]#tar zxvf redis-2.8.23.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# cd redis-2.8.23[root@localhost redis-2.8.23]#[root@localhost redis-2.8.23]# make[root@localhost redis-2.8.23]# make installredis安装后配置
[root@localhost redis-2.8.23]# cd utils/[root@localhost utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installerThis script will help you easily set up a running redis serverPlease select the redis port for this instance: [6379] Selecting default: 6379Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.confPlease select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.logPlease select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server] Selected config:Port : 6379Config file : /etc/redis/6379.confLog file : /var/log/redis_6379.logData dir : /var/lib/redis/6379Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-serverCli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cliIs this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379Installing service...Successfully added to chkconfig!Successfully added to runlevels 345!Starting Redis server...Installation successful!
Install Elasticsearch
[root@localhost src]#rpm -ivh elasticsearch-2.0.0.rpmwarning: elasticsearch-2.0.0.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID d88e42b4: NOKEYPreparing... ########################################### [100%]Creating elasticsearch group... OKCreating elasticsearch user... OK 1:elasticsearch ########################################### [100%]### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure elasticsearch service to start automatically using chkconfig sudo chkconfig --add elasticsearch### You can start elasticsearch service by executing sudo service elasticsearch start [root@localhost src]# /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start 正在启动 elasticsearch: [确定] [root@localhost src]# chkconfig elasticsearch on
Install Kibana
[root@localhost opt]#groupadd -g 1005 kibana[root@localhost opt]#useradd -u 1005 -g 1005 kibana[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf kibana-4.2.0-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt[root@localhost opt]# mv kibana-4.2.0-linux-x64/ kibana[root@localhost opt]#chown -R kibana: /opt/kibana[root@localhost opt]#cd /etc/init.d && curl -o kibana https://gist.githubusercontent.com/thisismitch/8b15ac909aed214ad04a/raw/fc5025c3fc499ad8262aff34ba7fde8c87ead7c0/kibana-4.x-init[root@localhost opt]#cd /etc/init.d && curl -o kibana https://gist.githubusercontent.com/thisismitch/8b15ac909aed214ad04a/raw/fc5025c3fc499ad8262aff34ba7fde8c87ead7c0/kibana-4.x-initcd /etc/default && curl -o kibana https://gist.githubusercontent.com/thisismitch/8b15ac909aed214ad04a/raw/fc5025c3fc499ad8262aff34ba7fde8c87ead7c0/kibana-4.x-default[root@localhost opt]#service kibana start[root@localhost opt]#chkconfig kibana on如果启动不成功请手动启动 nohup /opt/kibana/bin/kibana -l /var/log/kibana.log &检查5601端口是否启动 netstat -ntlup |grep ":5601"
Install Logstash
[root@localhost src]rpm -ivh logstash-2.0.0-1.noarch.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:logstash ########################################### [100%] server端配置[root@localhost conf.d]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/index.conf input { redis { host => "127.0.0.1" port => 6379 data_type => "list" key => "logstash:redis" type => "redis-input" } }filter { grok { match => [ "message", "%{WORD:http_host} %{URIHOST:api_domain} %{IP:inner_ip} %{IP:lvs_ip} \[%{HTTPDATE:timestamp}\] \"%{WORD:http_verb} %{URIPATH:baseurl}(?:\?%{NOTSPACE:request}|) HTTP/%{NUMBER:http_version}\" (?:-|%{NOTSPACE:request}) %{NUMBER:http_status_code} (?:%{NUMBER:bytes_read}|-) %{QS:referrer} %{QS:agent} %{NUMBER:time_duration:float} (?:%{NUMBER:time_backend_response:float}|-)"] kv { prefix => "request." field_split => "&" source => "request" } urldecode { all_fields => true } date { type => "log-date" match => ["timestamp" , "dd/MMM/YYYY:HH:mm:ss Z"] }}output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["localhost:9200"] }}本机日志配置 [root@localhost conf.d]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/agent.confinput { file { path => "日志路径" } #logstash用户需要对文件有读权限 }output { redis { host => "127.0.0.1" #redis IP地址 data_type => "list" key => "logstash:redis" }}
[root@localhost src]# /etc/init.d/logstash start
[root@localhost src]# chkconfig logstash on
客房端安装配置
在nginx.conf 中设置日志格式:logstash
log_format logstash '$http_host $server_addr $remote_addr [$time_local] "$request" ' '$request_body $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ' '$request_time $upstream_response_time';
[root@localhost src]rpm -ivh logstash-2.0.0-1.noarch.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:logstash ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/agent.confinput { file { path => "日志路径" } #logstash用户需要对文件有读权限 }output { redis { host => "x.x.x.x" #redis IP地址 data_type => "list" key => "logstash:redis" }}